John Cletheroe's
USA and Canada Holiday Hints
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American English to British English Dictionary - F
FAA
Federal Aviation Authority (USA). The body responsible for the regulation of passenger air travel in the USA, including air navigation beacons and (I believe) air traffic control.
Facecloth
Face flannel. This term might only be used in Canada.
Factory Outlet
A factory outlet, also called an Outlet Shop, is a shop supposedly selling goods "direct from the factory" at a discount. An Outlet Mall is a collection of such shops.
Outlet Shops usually only sell the most expensive television advertised "designer" brands and their prices are usually far higher than those found in the discount department stores such as K-Mart and Wal-Mart even for the same brands. As in the UK, non television advertised brands of identical quality are widely available at much lower prices. In my humble opinion, Outlet Shops and the whole "designer" brand concept exploits the gullible and is best avoided.
Faculty
The teaching staff at a university.
Fag
Male homosexual. Faggot is also used to mean the same. I am informed that this word is regarded as highly derogatory and offensive, and therefore should only be used with extreme care. The British meaning of the word "fag" to mean cigarette is not generally understood in the USA.
Fair
County agricultural show is probably the nearest British equivalent.
FAIR Lanes
Fast And Intertwined Regular Lanes. Less congested lanes on a multi-lane road, for which a toll is charged. Drivers who take the alternative free lanes are offered credits which can be applied to future tolls, public transportation and public transportation parking facilities. In some cases these lanes can only be used by vehicles that have special electronic tags and there are no facilities to pay tolls by means of cash. FAIR lanes are a relatively new development.
Fajita
A fajita, pronounced "fa-heeta", is a Mexican food item.
The fajitas that I've seen, as sold in McDonald's and Taco Bell, are very similar to burritos or enchiladas, in that they consist of a soft flour tortilla wrapped around its contents. The difference lies in the contents and the flavour of the sauce.
However, I have received an email message from Jon Harrison who lives in the town of Harlingen near Brownsville in the southernmost part of Texas. Jon tells me that the dish originated in southern Texas, and that the Spanish word fajita means "beef skirts". He says that the word refers to the cut of beef, which he describes as being a thin, tough cut of beef which was inexpensive until it recently became popular. To make it edible, it is tenderised by marinating in a highly-spiced sauce. It is then barbecued (usually cooked over an open fire) and served with more hot sauce or "pico de gallo" (a fresh mixture of chopped peppers, onions, garlic, tomato and as Jon nicely puts it, other quasi-secret ingredients). Jon says it makes truly excellent eating, but is nothing like a burrito. Jon goes on to stress that a fajita is a piece of meat, like a steak is a piece of meat. He says you could eat a fajita by wrapping it in a tortilla, and most people do, but the tortilla is not part of the fajita.
Another source says: Fajitas are a dish of meat and vegetables that come still sizzling to your table. You then take a tortilla (either corn or flour, served on the side) and put some of the meat/vegetables in the tortilla and eat.
I also received a message saying:
If you order a fajita at a restaurant what you usually get is grilled meat in thin strips served on the iron dish (hot) on which it was (presumably) cooked along with grilled onions and green peppers. Cheese, pico de gallo, sour cream, and (sometimes) pesto are usually provided on the side along with flour or corn tortillas (flour unless they give you a choice). Pico de gallo, as near as I can determine, is just salsa without any chili peppers mostly consisting of diced tomatoes, scallions, and onion. You usually (but not always) are expected to put the components together yourself.
My thanks to Suzy Seraphine who sent me a message explaining that pico de gallo sauce always contains the herb cilantro. Suzy says that's what sets it apart from other salsas and that it is normally not considered "hot."
Fall
Autumn.
Fall Line
See separate article.
Family
The word "family" in the name of a restaurant, especially a steakhouse, usually implies that it does not sell alcohol, smoking is prohibited, and prices are somewhat lower.
FAS
Federation of American Scientists.
Faucet
Water tap, on a sink or a bath.
Fava Bean
Broad bean.
FBI
Federal Bureau of Investigation (USA).
FCC
Federal Communications Commission (USA).
FDA
Food and Drug Administration (USA). The body responsible for the public safety of food and medicines.
FDR
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945), President of the United States from 1933 to 1945.
Feedlot
My thanks to Stonie Cooper who sent me the following explanation:
A feedlot is a facility for "feeding out" or finishing fat cattle for slaughter. The facility is comprised of several pens, or "lots" where the cattle are concentrated and feed high carbohydrate feed - such as corn. When one travels through the Midwest or the Plains, you can often smell a feedlot before you see it - and that fact is responsible for an economically charged statement from anyone local to the area: "Smells like money!"
Felony
A serious crime. A misdemeanour is a minor crime.
FEMA
(United States) Federal Emergency Management Agency.
Fender
The wing or bumper of a car.
FHWA
The (United States) Federal Highway Administration (external link verified Jul-02).
Field
- As in Britain, a field is an area of land used for farming.
- Some baseball grounds include the word "field" in their names, for example Wrigley Field in Chicago. I'm not sure if the same applies to some venues for other sports.
- Some airports include the word "field" in their names, for example New Orleans International Airport is also known as Moisant Field and San Diego International Airport is also known as Lindbergh Field.
Field Day
- School fete.
- As in Britain, an expression such as "he was having a field day" means that someone was having a good time, enjoying themselves, participating enthusiastically, meeting with great success, etc. Idiom Site offers an explanation of how the term came to be used (external link verified Dec-02).
Field Hand
Agricultural labourer.
Field Hockey
See Hockey.
Field Worker
Agricultural labourer.
FIL
Father-in-law. (This is almost certainly an Internet abbreviation and not in common use.)
File Tape
Library pictures. A "file tape" caption is used in television news bulletins when old, only vaguely related footage is being shown.
Filet, Fillet
In the USA and Canada, pronounced "fill-ay", as if it were a French word.
Fill
An embankment over which a railway line runs.
Fire Apparatus
Fire engine (possibly only one with an escape ladder).
Fire Hall or Fire House
Fire station.
Fire Lane
A road outside the pedestrian entrance of a large shop, shopping mall, etc. Parking is not permitted in fire lanes as they must be kept clear for emergency vehicles such as fire trucks (fire engines) and ambulances. It is perfectly allowable to drive in a fire lane.
Fire Starter
Firelighter (a combustible device for assisting in starting coal fires).
Fire Truck
Fire engine.
First Floor
Ground floor. In motels, rooms on the first floor will normally have numbers in the range 100 to 199, those on the second floor (one above ground floor) in the range 200 to 299, as so on.
First Nation
On a road sign at the start of a town in Canada, "First Nation" indicates that the town lies in an Indian Reservation, or that it is an Indian (Native American) settlement. "First Nations" refers to the Canadian Native Americans in general.
First State
Delaware.
FL
Florida.
Flagger or Flagman
A person at a road construction site who controls the flow of traffic.
Flash Flood
A sudden highly destructive flow of water. In the United States a flash flood is a serious and very dangerous event. In Britain the term is increasingly being used by weather forecasters to describe small puddles caused by brief light showers of rain.
Flashlight
Torch.
Flatware
Cutlery. Also sometimes called silverware, even if it is made of plastic.
Flea Market
An organised sale of secondhand and inexpensive goods, either on a regular or one-off basis, similar to a jumble sale or a car-boot sale. Flea markets may take place under cover or in the open. Open air sites tend to cover a large area.
Tom Wrona EMailed me to say:
The term flea market is used mostly in the Eastern part of the US. In the West they're called Swap Meets.
FLL
Airport code for Fort Lauderdale/Hollywood International Airport, Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
Float Home
Houseboat.
Float Plane
Sea plane. A plane which takes off and lands on water.
Floor Lamp
Standard lamp. A free standing lamp on a pole.
Floors
In the USA and Canada the first floor is the ground floor. In motels with more than one floor, the normal method of numbering is that the rooms with numbers in the range of 100 to 199 are on the ground floor, those in the range of 200 to 299 are on the second floor (one floor above ground) and so on, although of course there will usually be far fewer than a hundred rooms
per floor.
Flyway
Bird migration route.
Fog Lights
In America, fog lights are intense white or yellow lights at the front of the vehicle, to help the driver see in a fog. In Britain, fog lights are intense red lights at the back of the vehicle, to help other drivers see it in a fog.
Foggy Bottom
A common nickname for the US State Department, since that was the name of the area in which its headquarters building was constructed.
Folding Tent Camper
A type of RV (recreational vehicle, i.e. motorhome) - see RV America's RV Types (external link checked May-00).
Food Stamps
Special stamps given as a form of benefit to poor people to pay for food. Food stamps are used so as to prevent money being spent on other items. Many supermarkets and other food shops have signs indicating that they accept food stamps.
Football
By default, "football" is always taken to mean American football in the USA. European-style football is called soccer to distinguish it from American football. Tom Wrona kindly EMailed me to explain how the name came about - from Association Football, then Assoc Football, then Soccer.
Fortnight
The word fortnight is not generally understood in the USA. Say "two weeks" or "fourteen days" instead.
Forty-Niner
- A participant in the California goldrush of 1849.
- A player in the San Francisco Forty-Niners American Football team, or one of the team's fans.
Forty-Ninth Parallel
See separate article.
Four Corners
See separate article.
Four Way Stop
See separate article.
Francophone
Someone whose first language is French. This is also a valid word in British English but is included here since you may come across it in Canada, especially in the Province of Québec. Someone whose first language is English is called an Anglophone.
Frappe
A milkshake. This word is only used in New England, I'm informed.
Melissa Hutchins kindly emailed me this more detailed explanation:
Frappe is a term only used in New England but it is not quite the same as a milkshake. A milk shake is made with just ice cream and flavouring
blended, whereas a frappe also contains chipped ice.
Fraternity
A university student organisation for men (or in some cases these days for both men and women, I'm informed by Anne Stibor of Wisconsin). Such organisations commonly have names formed by a sequence of Greek letters. The female equivalent is a sorority.
Free State
Maryland.
Freeway
See separate article.
Freight Car
Railway truck.
Freight Train
Railway goods train.
French Fries
See Fries.
French Toast
Michelle Gillie kindly sent me the following description of French toast:
French toast in its simplest form is prepared by dipping slices of bread into an egg and milk mixture before frying them. French toast is most often eaten for breakfast and is usually served with butter and maple syrup, powdered sugar, or jam. An online culinary dictionary that I often use says that in England, French toast is called "poor knights of Windsor." I have no idea if that's an accurate statement.
I should say that I've never heard the expression "poor knights of Windsor" which Michelle mentions.
By the way, Texas toast is very different to French Toast.
Freshman
A student in their first year at university or high school.
Fried Mush
See Mush.
Fries, or French Fries
Chips, usually cut very thinly, and crisp.
Frijoles
Beans. I'm not sure if the word refers to beans of all types or perhaps only a specific type.
Frontage Road
See separate article.
Frontier Status
See separate article.
Fronton
See Jai Alai.
Frost Heave
A mound in a road surface caused by subterranean ice formed during cold weather.
Frozen Yoghurt (US spelling Yogurt)
Frozen yoghurt has the appearance, texture and taste of ice cream. It is a less fattening alternative.
FSU
Florida State University.
FTC
Federal Trade Commission (USA). I believe that this body is roughly analogous to Britain's Monopolies and Mergers Commission and Office of Fair Trading.
Funds
Currency, money. For example "Canadian Funds" means an amount of money expressed in Canadian currency or a payment made in Canadian currency.
Funeral Director
Undertaker.
Furnace
This term is often used in the USA to refer to a boiler for domestic central heating.
FWS
The United States Fish And Wildlife Service, an agency of the Department Of The Interior. See also US And Canadian Government Agencies And Departments Responsible For Recreation Areas.
Numbers
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
American English to British English Dictionary
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Most recently modified 15-Jan-06