John Cletheroe's
PC And Internet Hints

PC And Internet Glossary - Including File Extensions - M

M1V

File extension. Moving Pictures Experts Group. I do not know whether M1V files can contain viruses or not.

M3U

File extension. A commonly used MP3 file playlist format (see Playlist). I do not know whether M3U files can contain viruses or not; it seems unlikely.

MAC Address or MAC ID or MAC Number

Media Access Control Address (or ID or number). An Ethernet hardware address. A unique (or nearly unique) 48-bit number allocated to each Ethernet network interface card (NIC). Some networks use the MAC address to identify computers which are allowed to connect to the network.
Migration Authorisation Code. A reference number issued by a UK ISP which enables a broadband/ADSL subscriber to switch to a different ISP. Some ISP's have been very reluctant to issue these codes, or have attempted to charge for them. Legally an ISP must now issue a code free of charge.

Machine Code

The form of a program which can be directly obeyed by a computer. Although machine code can be created manually it is an extremely tedious task. Executable programs (EXE files) created by a compilation process contain machine code.

Macro

A sequence of commands written in a programming language.

MAD

Microsoft Active Directory.

Magellan

A program published many years ago by Lotus which enabled the contents of files on a PC to be searched.
A search engine.

MajorDomo

An email mailing list handling program. Subscribers to a mailing list send commands to the MajorDomo program in the form of email messages. There are several other similar programs including ListServ.

MAK

File extension. A file associated with a Visual BASIC program, in versions previous to V6 I think this file held a list of the modules and forms which comprised the program. I think the same information is held in a VBP file in V6 of Visual BASIC, possibly in a different format. I do not know whether MAK files can contain viruses or not.

Make EXE

Microsoft jargon for "compile" (see that entry).

MAN

Metropolitan Area Network. A high speed fibre optic network in a city. Purely theoretical at the moment, I think, except for one project in Milan, Italy.

Mana

In computer games involving magic, the word "mana" is often used to refer to a character's magical power. Casting a magical spell usually requires a character to have a certain minimum amount of mana, and their amount of mana is depleted as the spell is cast. In some games characters' mana is increased automatically with time, while in other games alternative factors may be involved.

Managed Code

In current Microsoft jargon, Managed Code is the Intermediate Language (IL) coding that is created by Visual Basic .NET and C# .NET compilers, stored in Assemblies, and run by the .NET Framework Common Language Runtime (CLR). Assemblies also contain metadata that describes the classes, methods, and attributes (such as security requirements) of the code.

Mandrake

A version of the Linux operating system.

MAPI

"map - eee". Messaging Application Program Interface. A system intended to provide email facilities in programs, adding the "Send To" option to their FILE menu (often with some very strange sub-options).

Enabling the "Make Outlook Express My Default Simple MAPI Client" option in Outlook Express causes Microsoft Outlook 97 to fail to start and Microsoft Excel 97 to fail to start with the error message "Excel caused an invalid page fault in module EXCEL.EXE at 014f:301c558e" on my PC. I don't know if this problem is universal or not.

Opinion: Rather than trying to make "Send To" work, it is much simpler and more reliable to just open your email program and add the relevant file as an attachment.

MapPoint

A Microsoft product. The US and Canadian equivalent of the UK/European AutoRoute road atlas and driving directions program. Possibly supplied as part of TechNet.
A Microsoft product, or software component. Something to do with the ever mysterious .NET and web services, judging by Microsoft's very vague descriptions. Probably totally unrelated to the other meaning of the term.

MASM:

Microsoft KnowledgeBase article title prefix for articles relating to the Microsoft's Macro Assembler.

Maximum Speed

In Windows 95's modem configuration, the "maximum speed" parameter is misnamed. It does not control the maximum speed of the phone line connection. Instead, it actually controls the speed of the RS-232 connection between your PC and your modem. Normally it should be set to highest possible speed.

If you have the wrong modem INF file selected then the "modem active" icon may display the "maximum speed" instead of the actual phone line transmission speed.

MB

Megabyte. See Mega.

MBR

Master boot record.

MBSA

Microsoft Baseline Security Analyser. A utility for Windows 2000 and Windows XP which scans a computer and determines which security patches need to be installed.

MBX

File extension. Outlook Express mail folder file. I do not know whether MBX files can contain viruses or not.

MCA

Micro Channel Architecture. A type of expansion board interface introduced many years by IBM in their PS/2 range of computers in an attempt to retain their monopoly of the PC market. The attempt failed and MCA became defunct. One of MCA's serious weaknesses was that each expansion board needed a special information file on a floppy disk when it was installed and administering all these files in an IT department handling a multiplicity of PS/2 models and types of expansion boards was a major headache. See also "PS/2".

MCE

Media Centre Edition (of Windows XP).

MCI

Media Control Interface. A part of Windows associated with playing multimedia files (sound, videos, etc).

MCIS:

Microsoft KnowledgeBase article title prefix for articles relating to Microsoft Commercial Internet Server.

MCMS

Microsoft Content Management Server. Described in Microsoft KnowledgeBase article 810487 as: "An Enterprise Server product that simplifies developing and managing e-commerce Web sites. MCMS includes a number of pre-defined Active Server Pages (ASP) web pages that allow web site operators to quickly set up e-business web sites."

MCP

Microsoft Certified Professional. A relatively elementary qualification.

MCSE

Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer. A relatively advanced qualification. Microsoft offer manuals and examinations in order for someone to become an MCSE. Both are extremely expensive since they are designed for company employees rather than private individuals.

MDAC

Microsoft Data Access Components. Also sometimes just called DAC (Data Access Components). A set of Microsoft software components, part of Windows. Microsoft KnowledgeBase article 190463 has some information on this and related subjects. According to one source, MDAC includes OLE DB, ADO and Jet. According to another source MDAC contain components including ADO, DAO, ODBC, OLE DB and RDO. The following programs use MDAC components: Certificate Server, Exchange Server, Internet Explorer and Outlook Express, Internet Information Server, all Microsoft Office programs (Access, Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint, Word, etc), SNA Server, SMS Server, SQL Server, and all Visual Studio programming language development environments (Visual Basic, etc). According to one source, MDAC is included with Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Visual Studio (presumably including Visual BASIC), Microsoft Office, Microsoft Back Office and some other Microsoft products. In addition, other programs can install MDAC as a by-product and MDAC can be downloaded from Microsoft's web site. Microsoft KnowledgeBase article 307255 has information about (and a link to) the Component Checker utility which can be used to help diagnose and resolve problems with MDAC.

MDB

File extension. Microsoft Access database file. A single MDB file holds all of a database's material: all its forms, all its tables(and their data), all its macros, etc. I do not know whether MDB files can contain viruses or not; since databases can contain macro language and Visual BASIC For Applications coding it seems possible.

MDE

File extension. Microsoft Access database file. MDE files are deliberately significantly limited with regard to the types of modifications which can be made to the database. In addition, some aspects of database operation is more optimised than with MDB files. MDE files are intended to be distributed to end users who do not need to modify the database's design. I think MDE files are sometimes called Access Runtime Files. As far as I know, a full version of Access is still required in order to use MDE files. I do not know whether MDE files can contain viruses or not; since databases can contain macro language and Visual BASIC For Applications coding it seems possible.

MDI

Multiple Document Interface. The system used in a very small number of programs (notably Word and Excel) whereby more than one data file (document, spreadsheet, etc) can be opened at the same time. In programs which use MDI, opening one data file doesn't close the previous one, and you can switch between open data files using the WINDOW menu. MDI is generally very confusing to most users but of some limited value when working on several files at once. One of MDI's major design faults is its failure to place an icon for each open data file on the Taskbar, making it necessary to use the program's WINDOW menu to switch between them.

MDT

File extension. Microsoft Access Workgroup Information.

MDW

File extension. Microsoft Access Workgroup Information.

ME

File extension. See READ.TXT, READ.ME etc. I do not know whether ME files can contain viruses or not; it seems very unlikely.

Media

Floppy disks, magnetic tapes, etc.
Non-text files. Files containing images (pictures), sounds, etc.

Mega

1,048,576 (1024 x 1024, 2 to the twentieth power).

Melee

A term often used in RPG's (role-playing games). Close combat, and weapons such as swords which are used in close combat. See also Ranged.

Memory Leak

A bug in a program that prevents it from freeing up memory that it no longer needs. As a result, the program grabs more and more memory until it finally crashes or the computer locks up because there is no more memory left. Incorrect use of the stack through jumping out of subroutines and loops with GOTO commands is the classic cause of memory leaks.

Memory Specifications, Memory Timings

See "CL Numbers", "DDR Numbers" and "PC Numbers".

Mesh

In computer graphics, an internal representation of the shape of a 3D object, usually in the form of numerous polygons. Textures are then applied to the sides of the object to create an image of it.

Messenger

Windows Messenger. An IRC instant text program, I believe.
MSN Messenger. An IRC instant text program, I believe. I do not know why Microsoft feel the need to afflict users with two of these programs.
Windows XP Messenger service. This is completely different to Windows Messenger and MSN Messenger. By default the Messenger service in Windows XP is enabled. It is generally very highly recommended that normal home users disable it, so as to prevent unwanted pop-up messages appearing. The procedure to do this is as follows: Start > Run > service.msc > right-click on Messenger > Properties > General. Change Service Status to Stop and change Startup Type to Disabled.

Meta Search Engine

A web site which automatically collates results from several search engines.

Method

A term used in Visual BASIC programming to refer to any command, function or subroutine which changes a property of an object.

MFC

Microsoft Foundation Classes. See Class.

MFT

Master File Table. A fundamental and vital part of a disk file system's internal data.

MHEG

Multimedia and Hypermedia Experts Group. The standard for the text transmitted on some the Freeview digital terrestrial television channels in Britain. I'm not sure if the MHEG standard is also used for digital terrestrial television in other countries, for other forms of digital television such as satellite or cable, or on the Internet. Information on the subject which can be understood by a general audience is not easily obtainable, unfortunately.

MHT, MHTML

File extensions. Sources vary regarding the meaning of the acronym MHTML:

Message HTML Document
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension HTML.
MIME Encapsulation of Aggregate HTML Documents.

A single MHT/MHTML file can be used to save an entire web page (HTML and all graphics) in Internet Explorer 5 or 6, using the File > Save As > Web Archive option. I do not know whether other items associated with web pages such as Java applets, sound, and Macromedia Shockwave and Flash animations are also saved in MHT/MHTML files. Microsoft KnowledgeBase article 221787 has some information on the subject. I do not know whether these files can contain viruses or not; it seems a definite possibility.

Microsoft...

In most cases, see under individual product names. For example, for Microsoft Outlook Express see under Outlook Express.

Microsoft ESP

A "platform" for simulation programs. ESP will be used for future versions of Microsoft Flight Simulator and (possibly) Microsoft Train Simulator. ESP appears to consist of a computer model of the world, and perhaps also a 3D rendering engine. I cannot discover what the letters ESP stand for.

Microsoft Foundation Classes

See Class.

Microsoft Office

A package consisting of Word, Excel and usually one or more other programs.

MID

File extension. MIDI file. I do not know whether MID files can contain viruses or not; it seems unlikely.

Midband

A 128kbps Internet connection system using an existing conventional phone line, proposed by BT as a possible solution for customers who are connected to a non-ADSL enabled exchange, or who live too far aware from an ADSL-enabled exchange for ADSL to work. I suspect this may just be vapourware to fool Oftel (the UK phone regulator) and may never become a real product.

MIDI

MIDI is pronounced as if it were a word. Musical Instruments Digital Interface. A sound file format which contains commands to play synthesised musical notes rather than sound samples. Therefore MIDI files are very much smaller than any other form of sound file but they cannot be used to record real sounds. All MIDI tracks are therefore strictly instrumentals.

This use of the word MIDI is completely unrelated to its use to describe a small conventional audio system (stereo system).

mil

The Internet top-level domain for United States armed forces (military).

MIME

"Mime". Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions. A method of sending attachments with email messages. See also BinHex and Uuencode.

MIMO

Multiple input, multiple output. Used to describe wireless network equipment with two or more aerials.

Minus Sign

- (see that entry).

Mipmap

A mipmap is not the same as a bitmap. In computer graphics, a mipmap is a pre-calculated set of bitmapped images accompanying a texture, designed so as to reduce processing requirements (and therefore increase rendering speed) and also to reduce artificing (the appearance of unwanted distortions). The mipmap contains multiple versions of the texture, at different levels of detail. When an object is in the distance and therefore small, one of the mipmap textures can be used instead of the main texture, simplifying the process of creating an image of the object.

Mirage

See XMirage.

MIRC (or mIRC)

An IRC program (see that entry).

Mirror

A copy of information, usually kept in line with the original, perhaps with a slight time delay. A mirror disk is a second disk with its contents kept in line with the main disk. A mirror site is an alternative location from which a file can be downloaded. Mirror sites are often used to spread the load of numerous users downloading popular programs.

MLM

Multi-Level Marketing. Pyramid selling. Such swindles are often advertised in spam email messages, where they are commonly called "programs".

MMC

Microsoft Management Console. A feature of Windows XP.
Microsoft Media Center. A version of Windows XP designed for playing music and video.

MMF

Mail Message File. Microsoft Outlook data file. I do not know whether MMF files can contain viruses or not.

MMORPG

Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game. An RPG in which numerous real human players cooperate and compete, communication being via the Internet.

MMS

Microsoft Media Server.
The system whereby pictures, sounds and other such items can be transmitted between suitably equipped mobile phones.

MMX

Multi-media Extensions. A set of additional machine code commands included in a processor, designed to quickly perform the same operation on a large number of memory locations. MMX is therefore most useful for graphics and games programs. Only programs which include the MMX commands benefit from the MMX system. I believe that all Pentium II and Pentium III processors include MMX.

MNP1, MNP2, MNP3 and MNP4

Microcom Networking Protocol. Modem error correction protocols.

MNP5

Microcom Networking Protocol. A modem error correction protocols. MNP5 incorporates MNP Levels 1-4, plus data compression with a ratio of up to 2:1.

MO

Magneto-optical. Refers to high capacity exchangeable disk drive systems, such as the Iomega Zip drive.

Mobile Broadband

A broadband internet connection between a computer and an ISP over a mobile phone network. In Britain the connection usually uses the HSDPA or the HSUPA protocol over a 3G mobile phone network.

In most cases an HSDPA or HSUPA modem (often called a "dongle") is used and this device plugs into a USB port on the computer. A mobile phone SIM card is inserted into the dongle before use. Alternatively some special types of mobile phones can be used as HSDPA or HSUPA modems.

Connecting a mobile phone to the Internet and using its own display and keyboard is not usually referred to as "mobile broadband" as it operates at a much lower speed and only requires normal mobile phone coverage, not 3G/HSDPA or 3G/HSUPA coverage.

Wireless broadband, also called wireless LAN, WLAN, wireless networking and wi-fi, is different, being a connection between a computer and a wireless router usually in the same building.

Mobile broadband connections tend to suffer from limited coverage, intermittent operation, poor speeds, higher initial costs and higher ongoing costs than conventional phone line or cable television network broadband connections.

Mobo

Motherboard, i.e. system board. The term "system board" is far more commonly used these days.
Also, in a non-computer context, Music Of Black Origin.

Mod or MOD

Moderator. A person who controls discussion forums, removing inappropriate posts, moving posts to the correct sections, closing threads where appropriate, banning members who break the forum's rules, etc. Most forums have several mods.
Modification. An optional add-on for a game program, using the same engine but (in most case) with different graphics, different text, and modified gameplay. In many cases mods are created by enthusiastic players and available as freeware.
File extension. MOD files appear to be very similar to MID files (see that entry) but not identical. While WinAmp can play MOD files with their original extensions it will not play them if their extensions are changed to MID. MOD files are created by the Protracker program, which I think is a MIDI authoring/composer/editor program for the Commodore Amiga computer. MOD files are very similar to S3M files created by the Screamtracker program, which I imagine is similar to Protracker. If the extension of a MOD file is changed to S3M then WinAmp will still play it. I do not know whether MOD files can contain viruses or not; it seems unlikely.

Mode 1 and Mode 2

See CD-ROM and CD-ROM XA.

Modem

Modulator/demodulator. A device for interfacing a PC with a normal voice phone line (dial-up or leased line/private circuit). Other types of devices are needed for other types of phone lines such as ISDN and ADSL, or for connection to cable television lines.

Modem Rack

A rack of modems at an ISP or similar organisation with a large number of telephone line connections.

Module

Program, or part of a program.

Moniker

This description is from a Lockergnome article published in February 2004: "A moniker is a smart name. That is, a name which has some code associated with it that can do something interesting. A URL, for example, is a moniker which knows how to go out to the Web and download the bits associated with the URL."

Monospaced Font

See Non-proportional font.

Moore's Law

In 1965 Gordon Moore, the co-founder of Intel, predicted that the number of transistors on a semiconductor, and thus overall chip performance, would double roughly every two years. The law has held good since then and is currently predicted to continue to do so for at least another ten years. Heat dissipation is generally considered to be the critical factor which will eventually cause Moore's law to be broken.

Morpheus

A peer-to-peer networking system which allows users to swap MP3 music files and other types of files via the Internet. Very similar in concept to Napster. The original version of Morpheus was good but the current version (as at spring 2003) is afflicted with a dreadful adware/spyware system and therefore most definitely not recommended.

Mosaic

An early web browser, published by NCSA, the National Centre for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Urbana-Champaign, Illinois.

Motherboard

The main printed circuit board of a PC or any other computer or electronic device. Also called the system board.

MOV

File extension. Movie. A type of video file, possible associated with Apple QuickTime. I do not know whether MOV files can contain viruses or not; it seems unlikely.

Mozilla

A web browser, closely related to Netscape Navigator but still somewhat experimental and capricious.

MP

In role-playing games (RPG's), mana points or magic points, with the same meaning in each case.

MP2

File extension. Moving Pictures Experts Group. I do not know whether MP2 files hold sound or video or both. I do not know whether MP2 files can contain viruses or not; it seems unlikely.

MP3

"em - peg three". File extension. An extremely highly compressed sound file format. MP3 is a lossy format but given a high enough quality setting the distortion is completely undetectable to the ear. I believe that fractal mathematics is used in the compression algorithm. MP3 is the audio equivalent of the JPG image file compression system. MP3 files are approximately one tenth of the size of corresponding uncompressed WAV files. I do not know whether MP3 files can contain viruses or not; it seems unlikely.

MP3 FAQ

MPA

File extension. Moving Pictures Experts Group. I do not know whether MPA files hold sound or video or both. I do not know whether MPA files can contain viruses or not; it seems unlikely.

MPAA

Motion Picture Association of America. A body which tries to preserve the concept of copyright on video tapes and DVD's, in the same way as the RIAA does on audio recordings.

MPC

Multimedia PC (i.e. a PC with a sound card and external speakers). This acronym is often seen in the "systems requirements" list on the side of program boxes for American programs.

MPE

File extension. Moving Pictures Experts Group. I do not know whether MPE files hold sound or video or both. I do not know whether MPE files can contain viruses or not; it seems unlikely.

MPEG

File extension. Moving Pictures Experts Group. I do not know whether MPEG files hold sound or video or both. I do not know whether MPEG files can contain viruses or not; it seems unlikely.

MPG

File extension. Moving Pictures Experts Group. I do not know whether MPG files hold sound or video or both. I do not know whether MPG files can contain viruses or not; it seems unlikely.

MRU

Most Recently Used. For example, the lists of most recently opened documents which many programs display at the bottom of their "File" menus.

MS

Microsoft.
See MSyy-nnn.

MSAA

Microsoft Active Accessibility. An optional internal software component which allows programs to examine the current contents of the screen. Some diagnostic utilities and some text-to-speech programs require this facility. According to the WinPatrol web site, MSAA may be needed in order to run the WinPatrol program on Windows 95. I tried WinPatrol without installing MSAA and it worked, but of course some other program might have installed the MSAA files previously. According to some other web sites MSAA can give problems, especially with some installation routines, so it is recommended that MSAA is only installed if you really have a proven requirement for it. MSAA can be probably be downloaded from Microsoft's web site. The distribution file for MSAA is MSAARDK.EXE.

MSC

File extension. Microsoft Common Console Document. MSC files are normally opened with the Microsoft Management Console. On Windows XP there are about fifteen MSC files in C:\Windows\System32. They are somewhat similar to Control Panel Applets, but tend to list numerous items in a tabular format.

MSCAM

Microsoft Camcorder, a program supplied with Microsoft Office 97 for recording operations on a computer. Microsoft KnowledgeBase article 159561 has more information.

MSDE

Microsoft Data Engine. A cut-down version of Microsoft's SQL Server. MSDE is installed as a background software component on PC's by many commercial packages (in the same way as many games install DirectX). According to Woody's Office Watch 5-Feb-03, MSDE is vulnerable to the infamous Slammer virus in the same way as SQL Server is. According to one source MSDE is a more robust database engine than the JET database engine which Microsoft Access uses.
According to one source, MSDE can also mean Microsoft Desktop Engine. However, this may have been a misprint for Microsoft Data Engine.

MSDN

Microsoft Developers Network. The Help system provided with modern versions of various Microsoft programming languages including Visual BASIC. MSDN includes KnowledgeBase (see that entry). There is also an MSDN web site, http://www.msdn.microsoft.com. I do not yet understand the relationship between the MSDN CD-ROM's and the MSDN web site.

MSI

Microsoft Software Installation. Microsoft KnowledgeBase article 310598 has more information.
File extension. Microsoft Software Installation Package. Associated with Microsoft Software Installation. In Windows XP, if an MSI file is double-clicked then it will be run as if it were an EXE file. However, Start > Run > Browse does not list MSI files in its default "Program files" mode (this is good example of what Microsoft call "consistency"; you can usually rely on Microsoft products being consistently inconsistent). MSI files can contain instructions which could perform undesirable operations on a computer.
Microstar International, a company which manufacturers optical disk drives and other computer equipment.

MSIL

Microsoft Intermediate Language. Programs written in each Microsoft .NET language (Visual Basic, Visual C#, Visual C++ and Visual J#) are compiled to MSIL, which is similar to a Java byte code. The MSIL code is then interpreted by the client machine running a .NET application.

MSJVM

Microsoft Java Virtual Machine. See Virtual Machine.

MSN

Historically, Microsoft's failed attempt at creating a commercial competitor to the Internet with payment for access to information.
Currently, the HotMail web-based email system. I'm not sure if MSN is precisely the same as HotMail but it's certainly very closely related.

MSN Explorer

Descriptions of this program seem to be generally very vague and somewhat contradictory, possibly because the program has changed over time. It appears to be a combination of a web browser, an email program and a chat (IRC) program. According to some descriptions users need to log in with a HotMail account each time the program is used. Most commentators suggest that it is best ignored.

MSP

File extension. Microsoft Windows Installer patch.

MSPX

File extension. Related to the ever-mysterious .NET, apparently. Microsoft seem to be changing the extension used for their computer-generated web pages from ASP to MSPX. For example in Apr-04 Microsoft changed the file extension used for their Security Bulletin web pages from ASP to MSPX.

MST

File extension. Microsoft Visual Test source files. MST files can contain instructions which could perform undesirable operations on a computer.

MSTS

Microsoft Train Simulator.

MSTSC

Microsoft Terminal Server Client.

MSVBVM50.DLL and MSVBVM60.DLL

See "Visual BASIC Runtime Library Files".

MSyy-nnn (For Example, MS03-024)

Microsoft Security Bulletin numbers have the format MSyy-nnn, where yy is the two-digit year number and nnn is the security bulletin sequential number within that year.

MT9

File extension. A lossy compressed sound file format. Also called Music 2.0.

MTRR

Memory Type Range Register. A feature associated with DirectX 5 but never used by it, apparently. However, some video boards use MTRR. MTRR is sometimes spuriously listed as having failed to load in Bootlog.txt. See Microsoft KnowledgeBase article 127970 for details of the various misleading spurious error messages which can appear in Bootlog.txt.

MTS

Microsoft Technical Support.
Microsoft Transaction Server.

MTU

Maximum Transmission Unit. Same as packet size (see that entry).

MUD

Multi-User Dungeon. A facility whereby two or more users can play a game, interacting with each other either in competition or co-operation.
Multi-User Dimension. I think this probably has the same meaning as the first definition.

MUI

Multilingual User Interface. A component of Windows ME and Windows XP.

Multimedia

Sound. When PC's started to have sound boards and external speakers they were referred to, especially in the USA, as MPC's or multimedia PC's. Even today, the sound configuration settings can be found in the Multimedia option in Windows' Control Panel.

Mung

Mash Until No Good. To deliberately corrupt an email address, in an attempt to prevent spam. For example, many users mung their email addresses in posting to newsgroups. Typically an email address such as joebloggs@hotmail.com might be changed to joebloggs@_antispam_hotmail.com .

However, if the same program is used for normal email as for newsgroup access, then the recipients of email messages will presumably also receive the corrupted address, requiring them to correct it if they use the reply facility. Such sophistication may be well beyond the capabilities of many users.

As far as I am aware no combined email and newsgroup program offers the facility to specify two different email addresses, one for each.

To specify a munged address In Netscape Communicator/Netscape Navigator V4.6, Edit > Preferences > Mail And Newsgroups > Identity and change the Email Address. Leave the Reply To Address blank. This change only affects the sender's email address which is included in the header of all email messages and newsgroup postings that you compose and send. It does not affect the process of logging in to the mail server in order to send and receive messages, since the username and password for that are specified separately in Edit > Preferences > Mail And Newsgroups > Mail Servers > (select incoming mail server) > Edit, and also on the Mail Servers dialog box, Outgoing Mail Server Username.

Other email programs such as Outlook Express are probably similar.

Music 2.0

See MT9.

MVP

Marketing Vice President.
Most Valuable Professional. This meaning is sometimes used within Microsoft, where it is presumably an award given to an employee as a morale booster.

MYS

File extension. Myst saved game file.

Myst

A graphical adventure game which involves solving puzzles, mainly in the form of various bizarre machines. There is no shooting or violence. Although its graphics are dated by today's standards, I rate Myst as one my very favourite computer games of all time. Its sequel, Riven, is also highly recommended.

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